Validation of Students Attribution Questionnaire (Saq) for Assessing Influence of Attribution on Academic Achievement of Undergraduates of Universities in Kano State, Nigeria.

Abstract

An instrument for data collection requires validation and reliability to ensure it measures what it intends to measure for efficient administration and collection of quality data. The population of the validation exercise consists of all level 300 students of Skyline University Nigeria out of their total a sample of thirty (30) students comprising 11 male and 19 female students were selected. A simple random sampling technique was used which gave all members equal chances of being included in the sample. The instrument titled Students’ Attribution Questionnaire (SAQ) is categorised into three subdivisions: Division A consist of the respondents’ personal data, Division B consist of items on Locus of Control and division C constitutes items on students' Attribution. The instrument locus of control and identifying internal and external attribution scale comprised 78 items. The first 8 items are Locus of Control while 70 items generate information from internal, and external factors, perception, attitudes, assertiveness and socioeconomic status. This paper presents a pilot study carried out to validate the construct, content and face validity of the instrument and to test its internal consistency. This paper employed the Cronbach Alpha Test-retest and the findings revealed that the SAQ has good construct validity, that is the items consistently measure what it was designed to measure and it also has adequate psychological properties. The instrument has also proved to be good in internal consistency and stability over time and it can be used to appropriately measure the Influence of attribution on the academic achievement of Undergraduates of the Universities of Kano State, Nigeria.