To Determine The Role Of Prophylactic Antibiotics In High-Risk Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

Abstract

Aim: To determine the role of prophylactic antibiotics in high-risk patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

 Method: The Department of General Surgery performed a randomized controlled trial study. Patients hospitalized for laparoscopic cholecystectomy were randomly assigned to one of two groups: A (who did not receive prophylactic antibiotics) or B (who did) (those who received antibiotics).The research comprised 100 patients who were evenly split into two groups. There were 50 patients in categories A and B, respectively. Both groups had identical baseline demographic parameters and preoperative reasons for cholecystectomy. Intra-operative details did not vary significantly between the two groups.

 Results: There was no statistically significant difference in the risk variables between the study and control groups. Surgical site infection occurred in six and four patients, respectively, in the study and control groups. All of the SSIs were superficial and only responded to cautious care. There was no need for intravenous treatment or hospitalisation for any of the affected individuals. The mean length of hospital stay among patients who did not get prophylactic antibiotics (Category A) neared significance (p=0.06), despite the fact that the range (in days) was the same in both groups.

Conclusion: Prophylactic antibiotics had no function in preventing SSI in high-risk patients having laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The aseptic minimally invasive procedure, as well as the essential peritoneal lavage and drainage during LC, are critical in avoiding postoperative infection.