The Effect Of The Cox And Macialas Model On Developing Critical Thinking Among Fifth-Grade (Literary Division) Students In Arabic Language Subject

Abstract

The research aims to identify the impact of the Cox and Macialas models in developing critical thinking among fifth-graders in Arabic.

To achieve the goal of the research, the researcher developed two null hypotheses, which are as follows:

• There is no statistically significant difference between the average grades of the students of the experimental group who studied according to the Cox and Macialas model and the average grades of the students of the control group who studied according to the usual method in the post-test of critical thinking.

2- There is no statistically significant difference between the average difference in the pre and post-tests of the experimental group studied according to the Cox and Macialas models and the control group studied in the usual way of developing critical thinking.

The research sample was selected from the research community and consisted of fifth graders (literary division) in the city of Mosul from the academic year (2021-2022). The sample consisted of (61) students divided into two groups: experimental and officer. The sample was divided into 31 students for the experimental group who studied according to the Cox and Macialas model and (30) students for the control group who studied in the usual way.

The researcher used the experimental approach and conducted the process of balance between the members of the two research groups in a number of variables that included: chronological age calculated in months, grade of Arabic language subject for the previous year, academic achievement for the previous year (general average), IQ, and critical thinking test.

To achieve the goal of research, critical thinking testing was used as a research tool, and the test was valid and reliable. After preparing the teaching plans and the two tools, the experiment was applied in the first course of the academic year (2021-2022) on Thursday 11/11/2021, and it continued for a full course and ended on Tuesday (1/1 /2022).  Critical thinking post-test was also applied on Wednesday (19/1/ 2022) on the two research groups. After statistically analysing the collected data, the researcher came up with a number of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions, including:

1- There is a statistically significant difference between the two groups in the achievement and in favor of the experimental group who studied according to the Cox and Macialas model with the highest arithmetic mean.

1. The educational models in general and the (Cox and Macialas) model in particular are highly effective in developing critical thinking and increasing the level of achievement of fifth-grade (literary division) students compared to the usual method. This is ascribed to critical thinking being an intellectual process and an integrated system with its foundations and principles.

Accordingly, the researcher recommends and suggests the following:

3-Teachers and instructors should pay attention to the development of thinking of all kinds for students in general and critical thinking in particular, as it is a mental activity that helps transfer the impact of learning into application and daily life.