Static Analysis of John Deere 310G Backhoe Excavator Structure Using a Finite Element Approach

Abstract

Backhoe excavator loader is a combination of two useful tools into one machine, on the front of the tractor there is a loader and on the back is a backhoe excavator. Excavator backhoe consists of bucket, arm, boom and swing link. The use of backhoe attachments (bucket, arm, and boom) is very crucial because it works in harsh conditions such as mining, construction, and agriculture, making it very vulnerable to damage that can cause loss of life and costs. So we need a backhoe excavator that is safe to operate. So in this study, discussing modeling the backhoe excavator and performing a stress analysis on the backhoe excavator attachment during digging conditions is useful to determine the safety factor of the backhoe attachment using the finite element method. To model the backhoe excavator attachment, you can use Solidwork CAD software. The results of this study were obtained, obtained on the x-axis A₂ : 54,79 kN, A₃ Arm : -195,19 kN, A₈ : 13,12 kN, A₉ : 164,95 kN, A₁₂ : 71,91 kN, BA₄: -38,81 kN, BA₃ : 195,19 kN, BA₁₁: -127,36 kN, BO₂: -54,79 kN, BO₇: -73,32 kN, BO₅: 550,73 kN. A₁ :-532,21 kN. Pada sumbu y A₂ : -60,74 kN, A₃ Arm : -96,79 kN, A₈ 86,44 kN, A₉ : 114,35 kN, A₁₂ : -43,46 kN, BA₄: 30,57 kN, BA₃ : 96,79 kN, BA₁₁: -127,36 kN, BO₂: 60,74 kN, BO₇: -48 kN, BO₅: -196,65 kN. A₁ : 183,91 kN. Determination of the load as the maximum breakout force configuration limit condition is located at 30° with a maximum von misses stress value on the bucket of 246,86 Mp on the arm of 234,32Mpa, on the boom 200,46Mpa with element size 10 mm. While the maximum von misses stress at 30o, the factor of safety value for the bucket is 1,86, the arm is 2,06, the boom is 1,84, which is still in the safe category so that there is no material failure.