Historical And Social Conditions Of Banu Hashim And Banu Umayyah And Their Mutual Social Relations

Abstract

Among all the families of Quraysh, Banu Hashim and Banu Umayyah had a prominent position in terms of greatness, fame and worldly prestige. This was the reason why Banu Hashim sometimes prevailed and Banu Umayyah sometimes prevailed during the period of Jahiliyyah. Bani Hashim and Bani Umayyad had a dispute over the leadership of Tulaat Kaaba for a period. Finally, with the intervention of influential people, administrative officials were divided between them. The ancestor of this family was Umayyah bin Abd Shams. The position of Quraysh army chief was transferred from Bani Makhzoom to this family,during the period of Jahiliyyah, the position of army commander was held by Harb bin Umayyah from this family and then by Abu Sufyan. Abu Sufyan accepted Islam at the time of the conquest of Makkah and through his son Amir Muawiyah, the rule of the Banu Umayyad was founded, during the time of the Rashidun Caliphs, the Banu Umayyad achieved great achievements, during the reign of Umar Farooq, Amir Muawiya became the governor of Damascus and during the reign of Usman Ghani, he was made the governor of the entire province of Syria. The following research paper will describe the social relations of Banu Umayyah and Banu Hashim. This will help to resolve many disagreements and different ideas and theories and will create new avenues of research for researchers