Assessment Of Condylar Osseous Changes in Patients with Bruxism Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography-A Cross Sectional Observational Study
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Abstract
Background: Pain is one of the commonest symptoms involving the orofacial-region and masticatory system. Pain arising from the extra-oral region may be due to disorders of neighbouring anatomical structures, especially the Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) which may contribute to Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD). Although various etiologies may contribute to TMD, stress and oral parafunctional habits like bruxism was considered to be one of the initiating factors for the development of TMD. Due to bruxism, teeth clenching force will have a direct effect on TMJ and its associated structures will tend to remodel at an early age. It may cause some bony changes which may progress to TMD. In this study, we assessed the correlation between the condylar osseous changes in bruxism patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic TMJ using cone-beam computerized tomography (CBCT).
Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the correlation between the condylar osseous changes in bruxism patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic TMJ using CBCT.
Settings and Design: The present study is an institution-based, observational cross-sectional study.
Materials and methods: 132 Bilateral Temporomandibular joint sectional CBCT images in 33 bruxism patients with symptomatic TMJ and 33 bruxism patients with asymptomatic TMJ aged between18 to 35 were assessed for condylar osseous changes by two examiners. Both groups were also assessed for changes in tooth structure by using tooth wear index
Statistical analysis: Pearson correlation analysis was done to assess the osseous changes and tooth wear index among the study group. P-value >0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
Results: The correlation analysis shows that statistically significant difference in osteophyte and surface erosion was predominant osseous changes that was observed in bruxism patients with asymptomatic TMJ than in bruxism patients with symptomatic TMJ.
Conclusion: The incidence of condylar osseous changes in young adults with bruxism were early indication of osteoarthritis of TMJ. So, early detection of such changes using CBCT can help in controlling the progression of disease by timely management.