Development And Utility Of M-Health Enabled Nutrition Informatics Intervention For Self-Care Management Of Type 2 Diabetes In Home Settings

Abstract

Background: Diabetes represents an important public health challenge in India and globally. It affects the quality of life and is one of the leading causes of death and disability. The burden on global health is huge, and about 463 million adults are currently living with diabetes. 77 million people in India in the age group of 20-79 years are affected by this pandemic, and the total cost of health expenditure is 8 billion US dollars. This is a huge burden and a great economic cost on public health. The research aims to explore the concept of diabetes self-management and major research questions would comprise asking what affects self-management in people with diabetes and how m-health applications and interventions can impact the self-management behaviors in development and the utility of the m-health apps in self-management of people with diabetes.

Objective: To design, develop, and assess the impact of an m-health-enabled nutrition informatics intervention for home-based type 2 diabetes self-management in an Indian setting.

Methods: The study is divided into three phases, in the first phase a systematic literature review of global and Indian literature using Scoping review method using PRISMA- SCR tool to report on various m-health interventions on Self-care management regimes on type 2 diabetes and Nutrition informatics will evaluate the effectiveness and utility of m-health application developed on Selfcare management with nutrition informatics will be reported. In the second phase m-health application on Selfcare management and nutrition informatics regime will be built in the third phase of the study evaluation of the m-health application will be done using System Usability Scale (SUS) usability and mixed research evaluation with end-users using Diabetes based management system (DBMS)questionnaire. A mixed research study between June 2022 and March 2023. A sample of approximately 250 individuals recruited and enrolled using a non-probability complete enumeration sampling method from selected urban settings in Delhi. The inclusion and exclusion criteria for males and females aged 20–79 years old with Type 2 diabetes and access to a smartphone.

Results: A sample of 250 individuals will go through a pretested DBMS questionnaire. The data collection will be initiated from June 2022, and the initial results are planned for publication by July 2023. Out of n=250 individuals, at least 120 individuals will be retained in the study. A qualitative study using descriptive analysis of the gathered data will be performed using SPSS V11, and reporting of the results will be done at 95% CIs and P=.0.05.

Conclusions: The findings of the study using scoping review would inform the elements essential for the development of m-health to improve self-care management of diabetes at home settings in India and its wider application in the global framework.