Determination of the effect of glucose and cholesterol on the flow velocity of Blood Mimicking Fluid in a Common Carotid Artery Wall-less Phantom
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Abstract
Objective: In this research, we have shown how increase in glucose and cholesterol levels in a blood mimicking fluid (BMF) influenced the peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity (EDV) in the common carotid artery wall-less phantom. Methodology: The BMF was prepared and mixed with D(+)-glucose and cholesterol powders at different levels from 50 mg/dl to 500 mg/dl. A multi-lumen diameter common carotid artery (CCA) wall-less phantom was used to carry out measurements of flow velocity of the BMF using a Hitachi HI Vision ultrasound scanner. Results: The PSV and EDV of the BMF are inversely related to the concentration (level) of glucose and cholesterol in the BMF. The PSV and EDV decreased by a maximum of about 3.0 cm/s across the 8 lumen diameters, while they decreased by a maximum of 4.0 cm/s with increased in glucose and cholesterol levels respectively. Conclusion: This suggests that no matter the concentrations of glucose or cholesterol in the BMF samples, the flow parameters were similar to those for healthy arteries. Therefore, we conclude that hyperglycemia and hypercholesterolemia does not influence the flow velocity in the CCA, but trigger other risk factors at advance stages of atherosclerosis.