Interpreting Female Farmers' Subjective Welfare In Songan Village, Kintamani District, Bangli District

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Kadek Rai Suwena , Made Kembar Sri Budhi , Ida Ayu Saskara , I.G.W. Murjana Yasa

Abstract

This study aims to determine how female farmers in Songan Village perceive subjective well-being resulting from self-esteem, social support, gender equality, and job satisfaction. This study employs an explanatory research design and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis. As an alternative to covariance-based SEM, variance- or component-based SEM, namely the Partial Least Square (PLS) method, will be utilized. The research sample consisted of 201 respondents. This study employs proportional random sampling as its sampling technique. The proportion of respondents in Songan A Village is 74, while the proportion in Songan B Village is 127. This study found that 1) self-esteem and social support directly have a positive effect on job satisfaction of female farmers in Songan Village, Kintamani District, but not for the gender equality variable; 2) self-esteem, social support, gender equality, and job satisfaction directly have a positive effect on the subjective welfare of female farmers in Songan Village, Kintamani District; and 3) self-esteem and social support have an indirect effect on subjective welfare of female farmers in Songan Village, Kintamani District. Female farmers of Songan Village define subjective happiness/well-being in simple terms, stating that if they are able to meet the needs of their families, meyadnya, and menyame braye, they are already happy/have achieved their subjective well-being. Women who have high self-esteem are more likely to earn a high income for their families. As a result, women deserve more government attention in terms of developing knowledge and skills, particularly in the agricultural sector.

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