ARABIC SOUND CHANGES BY LOCAL LANGUAGE SPEAKERS IN INDONESIA IN RECITING ALQURAN: PHONETIC AND PHONOLOGICAL STUDY

Abstract

This research aims at desccribing the Arabic sound changes by local language speakers in Indonesia in reciting Alquran. There are two main theories used in this article. The first is articulatory phonetic which covers the on how to produce particular sound of Arabic and local language are produced. The second theory is tajweed which rules on how a particular sound must be produces in different environment. The method of the research uses contrastive analysis, namely by (1) collecting the data (2) displaying a comparison in the same units, (3) identifying the different elements and (4) formulating the contrasts becomes rule. The data of this research are the sounds of Quranic Arabic recited by the native of local language speakers in Indonesia. The result shows that there are changes of Quranic Arabic sound produced by local language speakers. The changes consist of (1) deletion of glottal plosive voiced [ʔ], (2) pharyngeal fricative voiceless [ħ] becomes glottal fricative voiceless [h], (3) velar fricative voiceless [χ] becomes glottal fricative voiceless [h], (4) dental fricative voiced [ð] becomes alveolar plosive voiced [d], (5) pharyngeal alveolar plosive voiceless [ṭ] becomes alveolar plosive voiceless [t], (6) pharyngeal fricative voiced [ʕ] becomes nasal vowel [˜] (7) velar fricative voiced [ɣ] becomes velar plosive voiced [ɡ], (8) labiodental fricative voiceless [f] becomes bilabial plosive voiceless [p], (9) uvular plosive voiceless [q] becomes velar plosive voiceless [k]. It can be concluded that there are nine sound changes from quranic Arabic produced by local language speakers in Indonesia.