Maltiya City in the Rashidi and Umayyad Era 15-41 AH / 636-661 AD

Abstract

The history of the Maltiya city goes back to the ancient Roman era. It was a city built by the Roman Emperor Alexander Dhul-Qarnayn son of Filvius (336-323 BC). It was just a military fortress for them. After the death of Emperor Alexander, Emperor Trajan (98-117 AD) was concerned about the Maltiya city, which he has the privilege of turning it into a city. Because of the importance of the city of Maltiya and its distinguished and important geographical location, it was surrounded by or near some fortresses, and castles that helped protect the city from the risks that surround it. The city of Maltiya also enjoyed by the presence of religious places, such as monasteries in which religious rituals are held.It is one of the Euphrates Island outposts, which was compulsorily opened when the Euphrates Island was opened either, and the city of Maltiya in which different ethnic races live, such as the Romans, Persians, Syriacs, Armenians, Arabs, Turks and Kurds. The Umayyad caliphs gave an attention to it and worked to organize military campaigns called al-Sawaif and al-Shawati and made the city of Maltiya as a base for launching these major campaigns. They were interested in the administrative affairs of the city and assigned governors who had a prominent military and administrative role till the end of the Umayyad state and the rise of the Abbasid state.